diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..582ce6ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Node
+node_modules/
+
+# Env files
+.env
+.env.*
+
+# Logs
+logs/
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+
+# Runtime data
+pids/
+*.pid
+*.seed
+*.pid.lock
+
+# Coverage
+coverage/
+.nyc_output/
+
+# Build output
+dist/
+build/
+
+# OS/editor
+.DS_Store
+.vscode/
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2d6b50c3..319e3c13 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
 # Coursework
 
 Exercises to practice and solidify your understanding of the Decomposition module of the Software Development Course.
+
+## Middleware exercises
+
+This repo includes two Express examples for the Sprint 3 middleware prep:
+
+- Custom middlewares: [middleware-custom/](middleware-custom)
+- Off-the-shelf middleware: [middleware-off-the-shelf/](middleware-off-the-shelf)
+
+Each folder has its own README with run instructions.
diff --git a/middleware-custom/README.md b/middleware-custom/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b09e212b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-custom/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Custom middleware example
+
+This Express app uses two custom middlewares:
+- `requestLogger` logs each request with status and duration.
+- `requireApiKey` protects `POST /messages` using an API key header.
+
+## Run locally
+
+```bash
+npm install
+npm start
+```
+
+Set a custom API key (optional):
+
+```bash
+API_KEY=my-secret npm start
+```
+
+## Try it
+
+```bash
+curl http://localhost:3000/health
+curl http://localhost:3000/messages
+curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/messages \
+  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+  -H "x-api-key: cyf" \
+  -d '{"user":"Azin","message":"Hello"}'
+```
diff --git a/middleware-custom/middlewares/requestLogger.js b/middleware-custom/middlewares/requestLogger.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..78458cf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-custom/middlewares/requestLogger.js
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module.exports = function requestLogger(req, res, next) {
+  const startedAt = Date.now();
+
+  res.on("finish", () => {
+    const durationMs = Date.now() - startedAt;
+    console.log(`${req.method} ${req.originalUrl} ${res.statusCode} ${durationMs}ms`);
+  });
+
+  next();
+};
diff --git a/middleware-custom/middlewares/requireApiKey.js b/middleware-custom/middlewares/requireApiKey.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..114726d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-custom/middlewares/requireApiKey.js
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module.exports = function requireApiKey(req, res, next) {
+  const expectedKey = process.env.API_KEY || "cyf";
+  const providedKey = req.header("x-api-key");
+
+  if (providedKey !== expectedKey) {
+    return res.status(401).json({ error: "Invalid API key" });
+  }
+
+  next();
+};
diff --git a/middleware-custom/package-lock.json b/middleware-custom/package-lock.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0176ac9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-custom/package-lock.json
@@ -0,0 +1,827 @@
+{
+  "name": "middleware-custom",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "middleware-custom",
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "express": "^4.19.2"
+      }
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+      "license": "MIT",
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+        "negotiator": "0.6.3"
+      },
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+    "node_modules/array-flatten": {
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diff --git a/middleware-custom/package.json b/middleware-custom/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d912d489
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-custom/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
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+  "name": "middleware-custom",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "main": "server.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node server.js"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "express": "^4.19.2"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/middleware-custom/server.js b/middleware-custom/server.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..91cf37c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-custom/server.js
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+const express = require("express");
+const requestLogger = require("./middlewares/requestLogger");
+const requireApiKey = require("./middlewares/requireApiKey");
+
+const app = express();
+const port = process.env.PORT || 3000;
+
+const messages = [];
+
+app.use(express.json());
+app.use(requestLogger);
+
+app.get("/health", (req, res) => {
+  res.json({ status: "ok" });
+});
+
+app.get("/messages", (req, res) => {
+  res.json({ messages });
+});
+
+app.post("/messages", requireApiKey, (req, res) => {
+  const { user, message } = req.body || {};
+
+  if (!user || !message) {
+    return res.status(400).json({ error: "user and message are required" });
+  }
+
+  const newMessage = {
+    id: messages.length + 1,
+    user,
+    message,
+    createdAt: new Date().toISOString()
+  };
+
+  messages.push(newMessage);
+  res.status(201).json(newMessage);
+});
+
+app.use((req, res) => {
+  res.status(404).json({ error: "Not found" });
+});
+
+app.listen(port, () => {
+  console.log(`Server listening on port ${port}`);
+});
diff --git a/middleware-off-the-shelf/README.md b/middleware-off-the-shelf/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a025a4c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-off-the-shelf/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Off-the-shelf middleware example
+
+This Express app replaces the custom logger with the `morgan` middleware.
+The `requireApiKey` middleware is still custom.
+
+## Run locally
+
+```bash
+npm install
+npm start
+```
+
+Set a custom API key (optional):
+
+```bash
+API_KEY=my-secret npm start
+```
+
+## Try it
+
+```bash
+curl http://localhost:3001/health
+curl http://localhost:3001/messages
+curl -X POST http://localhost:3001/messages \
+  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+  -H "x-api-key: cyf" \
+  -d '{"user":"Azin","message":"Hello"}'
+```
diff --git a/middleware-off-the-shelf/middlewares/requireApiKey.js b/middleware-off-the-shelf/middlewares/requireApiKey.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..114726d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-off-the-shelf/middlewares/requireApiKey.js
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module.exports = function requireApiKey(req, res, next) {
+  const expectedKey = process.env.API_KEY || "cyf";
+  const providedKey = req.header("x-api-key");
+
+  if (providedKey !== expectedKey) {
+    return res.status(401).json({ error: "Invalid API key" });
+  }
+
+  next();
+};
diff --git a/middleware-off-the-shelf/package-lock.json b/middleware-off-the-shelf/package-lock.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc0dfad7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-off-the-shelf/package-lock.json
@@ -0,0 +1,883 @@
+{
+  "name": "middleware-off-the-shelf",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "middleware-off-the-shelf",
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "express": "^4.19.2",
+        "morgan": "^1.10.0"
+      }
+    },
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.34",
+        "negotiator": "0.6.3"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/array-flatten": {
+      "version": "1.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/array-flatten/-/array-flatten-1.1.1.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/basic-auth": {
+      "version": "2.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/basic-auth/-/basic-auth-2.0.1.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
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+        "safe-buffer": "5.1.2"
+      },
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+    "node_modules/basic-auth/node_modules/safe-buffer": {
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+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
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+      "license": "MIT",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/toidentifier": {
+      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/toidentifier/-/toidentifier-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-o5sSPKEkg/DIQNmH43V0/uerLrpzVedkUh8tGNvaeXpfpuwjKenlSox/2O/BTlZUtEe+JG7s5YhEz608PlAHRA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/type-is": {
+      "version": "1.6.18",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/type-is/-/type-is-1.6.18.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-TkRKr9sUTxEH8MdfuCSP7VizJyzRNMjj2J2do2Jr3Kym598JVdEksuzPQCnlFPW4ky9Q+iA+ma9BGm06XQBy8g==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "media-typer": "0.3.0",
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.24"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/unpipe": {
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/unpipe/-/unpipe-1.0.0.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/utils-merge": {
+      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utils-merge/-/utils-merge-1.0.1.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.4.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/vary": {
+      "version": "1.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vary/-/vary-1.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-BNGbWLfd0eUPabhkXUVm0j8uuvREyTh5ovRa/dyow/BqAbZJyC+5fU+IzQOzmAKzYqYRAISoRhdQr3eIZ/PXqg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/middleware-off-the-shelf/package.json b/middleware-off-the-shelf/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..37565753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-off-the-shelf/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+  "name": "middleware-off-the-shelf",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "main": "server.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node server.js"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "express": "^4.19.2",
+    "morgan": "^1.10.0"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/middleware-off-the-shelf/server.js b/middleware-off-the-shelf/server.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..824c0b94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/middleware-off-the-shelf/server.js
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+const express = require("express");
+const morgan = require("morgan");
+const requireApiKey = require("./middlewares/requireApiKey");
+
+const app = express();
+const port = process.env.PORT || 3001;
+
+const messages = [];
+
+app.use(express.json());
+app.use(morgan("tiny"));
+
+app.get("/health", (req, res) => {
+  res.json({ status: "ok" });
+});
+
+app.get("/messages", (req, res) => {
+  res.json({ messages });
+});
+
+app.post("/messages", requireApiKey, (req, res) => {
+  const { user, message } = req.body || {};
+
+  if (!user || !message) {
+    return res.status(400).json({ error: "user and message are required" });
+  }
+
+  const newMessage = {
+    id: messages.length + 1,
+    user,
+    message,
+    createdAt: new Date().toISOString()
+  };
+
+  messages.push(newMessage);
+  res.status(201).json(newMessage);
+});
+
+app.use((req, res) => {
+  res.status(404).json({ error: "Not found" });
+});
+
+app.listen(port, () => {
+  console.log(`Server listening on port ${port}`);
+});