[CI][C++] Deprecated warnings with gRPC 1.80.0

[kou]

Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

Homebrew upgraded gRPC to 1.80.0: Homebrew/homebrew-core@82c4e97

It causes deprecated warnings:

https://github.com/apache/arrow/actions/runs/23937846682/job/69830224112#step:8:1699

FAILED: [code=1] src/arrow/flight/CMakeFiles/arrow_flight_objlib.dir/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc.o 
/opt/homebrew/bin/ccache /usr/bin/c++ -DARROW_FLIGHT_EXPORTING -DARROW_HAVE_NEON -DARROW_WITH_TIMING_TESTS -DGRPC_ENABLE_ASYNC -DGRPC_NAMESPACE_FOR_TLS_CREDENTIALS_OPTIONS=grpc::experimental -DGRPC_USE_CERTIFICATE_VERIFIER -DGRPC_USE_TLS_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS_OPTIONS -DPROTOBUF_USE_DLLS -I/Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/build/cpp/src -I/Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/cpp/src -I/Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/cpp/src/generated -isystem /opt/homebrew/include -isystem /opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/include -fno-aligned-new  -Qunused-arguments -fcolor-diagnostics  -Wall -Wextra -Wdocumentation -DARROW_WARN_DOCUMENTATION -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wno-missing-braces -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-return-stack-address -Wdate-time -Wno-unknown-warning-option -Wno-pass-failed -march=armv8-a  -g -Werror -O0 -ggdb -g1 -std=c++20 -arch arm64 -fPIC -MD -MT src/arrow/flight/CMakeFiles/arrow_flight_objlib.dir/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc.o -MF src/arrow/flight/CMakeFiles/arrow_flight_objlib.dir/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc.o.d -o src/arrow/flight/CMakeFiles/arrow_flight_objlib.dir/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc.o -c /Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/cpp/src/arrow/flight/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc
/Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/cpp/src/arrow/flight/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc:736:54: error: 'StaticDataCertificateProvider' is deprecated: Use InMemoryCertificateProvider instead [-Werror,-Wdeprecated-declarations]
  736 |               std::make_shared<::grpc::experimental::StaticDataCertificateProvider>(
      |                                                      ^
/opt/homebrew/include/grpcpp/security/tls_certificate_provider.h:67:9: note: 'StaticDataCertificateProvider' has been explicitly marked deprecated here
   67 | class [[deprecated("Use InMemoryCertificateProvider instead")]] GRPCXX_DLL
      |         ^
/Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/cpp/src/arrow/flight/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc:745:23: error: 'set_certificate_provider' is deprecated: Use set_root_certificate_provider() or set_identity_certificate_provider() instead. [-Werror,-Wdeprecated-declarations]
  745 |           tls_options.set_certificate_provider(certificate_provider);
      |                       ^
/opt/homebrew/include/grpcpp/security/tls_credentials_options.h:55:5: note: 'set_certificate_provider' has been explicitly marked deprecated here
   55 |   [[deprecated(
      |     ^
/Users/runner/work/arrow/arrow/cpp/src/arrow/flight/transport/grpc/grpc_client.cc:747:23: error: 'watch_root_certs' is deprecated: Use set_root_certificate_provider() [-Werror,-Wdeprecated-declarations]
  747 |           tls_options.watch_root_certs();
      |                       ^
/opt/homebrew/include/grpcpp/security/tls_credentials_options.h:74:5: note: 'watch_root_certs' has been explicitly marked deprecated here
   74 |   [[deprecated("Use set_root_certificate_provider()")]]
      |     ^
3 errors generated.

Component(s)

C++, Continuous Integration

[kou]

@raulcd FYI: This is a blocker of 24.0.0.