Basic prefix sum

[rishima17]

Add BasicPrefixSum Algorithm

Implemented BasicPrefixSum.js to compute prefix sums of numeric arrays.

Example:

[2, 3, 5] → [2, 5, 10]

Validates input and throws TypeError for non-numeric elements.

Includes tests using Vitest.

Reference: Prefix sum – Wikipedia

Checklist:

Own work, not plagiarized

Follows CONTRIBUTING.md

Single algorithm file

Filename uses UpperCamelCase: BasicPrefixSum.js
Solved Issue no. 1783

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 85.93%. Comparing base (08d8c6b) to head (1051fd2).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1833      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   85.91%   85.93%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         379      380       +1     
  Lines       19778    19802      +24     
  Branches     3015     3022       +7     
==========================================
+ Hits        16993    17017      +24     
  Misses       2785     2785              

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