fix(@angular/build): resolve coverage overrides paths relative to workspace root

packages/angular/build/src/builders/karma/application_builder.ts

@@ -413,5 +413,43 @@ async function configureKarma(
     parsedKarmaConfig.reporters = (parsedKarmaConfig.reporters ?? []).concat(['coverage']);
   }
 
+  // Adjust coverage reporter `overrides` paths to be relative to the karma `basePath`
+  // (the temporary build output directory). Users write override patterns relative to the
+  // workspace root, but karma-coverage normalises coverage-map keys using `basePath`, so the
+  // patterns must be expressed as paths relative to that same directory.
+  // See https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/issues/30956
+  if ('coverageReporter' in parsedKarmaConfig) {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    const coverageReporterOptions = (parsedKarmaConfig as any)['coverageReporter'] as {
+      check?: {
+        global?: { overrides?: Record<string, unknown> };
+        each?: { overrides?: Record<string, unknown> };
+      };
+    };
+
+    const rebaseOverrides = (overrides: Record<string, unknown>): Record<string, unknown> => {
+      const rebased: Record<string, unknown> = {};
+      for (const [pattern, thresholds] of Object.entries(overrides)) {
+        // Resolve the user pattern from the workspace root, then make it relative
+        // to the karma basePath (outputPath) so it matches how karma-coverage
+        // normalises coverage-map keys.
+        const absolutePattern = path.isAbsolute(pattern)
+          ? pattern
+          : path.join(context.workspaceRoot, pattern);
+        const rebasedPattern = path.relative(outputPath, absolutePattern);
+        rebased[rebasedPattern] = thresholds;
+      }
+      return rebased;
+    };
+
+    const check = coverageReporterOptions?.check;
+    if (check?.global?.overrides && typeof check.global.overrides === 'object') {
+      check.global.overrides = rebaseOverrides(check.global.overrides);
+    }
+    if (check?.each?.overrides && typeof check.each.overrides === 'object') {
+      check.each.overrides = rebaseOverrides(check.each.overrides);
+    }
+  }
+
   return parsedKarmaConfig;
 }

packages/angular/build/src/builders/karma/tests/behavior/coverage-overrides_spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright Google LLC All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
+ * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.dev/license
+ */
+
+import { last, tap } from 'rxjs';
+import { execute } from '../../index';
+import { BASE_OPTIONS, KARMA_BUILDER_INFO, describeKarmaBuilder } from '../setup';
+
+/**
+ * Regression test for https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/issues/30956
+ *
+ * Coverage `overrides` in karma.conf.js were ignored because karma-coverage
+ * resolves the override patterns relative to the karma `basePath`, which is
+ * the temporary build output directory. Patterns written relative to the
+ * workspace root (e.g. `src/app/app.component.ts`) never matched.
+ */
+describeKarmaBuilder(execute, KARMA_BUILDER_INFO, (harness, setupTarget) => {
+  describe('Behavior: "coverageReporter.check overrides"', () => {
+    beforeEach(async () => {
+      await setupTarget(harness);
+    });
+
+    it('should respect per-file overrides in coverageReporter.check.each.overrides', async () => {
+      // Add a function that won't be covered – with a 100% global threshold this
+      // would normally cause a failure. The override for app.component.ts drops
+      // the threshold to 0 so the run should still succeed.
+      await harness.appendToFile(
+        'src/app/app.component.ts',
+        `
+export function notCovered(): boolean {
+  return true;
+}
+        `,
+      );
+
+      await harness.modifyFile('karma.conf.js', (content) =>
+        content.replace(
+          'coverageReporter: {',
+          `coverageReporter: {
+            check: {
+              global: {
+                statements: 100,
+                lines: 100,
+                branches: 100,
+                functions: 100,
+              },
+              each: {
+                statements: 0,
+                lines: 0,
+                branches: 0,
+                functions: 0,
+                overrides: {
+                  'src/app/app.component.ts': {
+                    statements: 0,
+                    lines: 0,
+                    branches: 0,
+                    functions: 0,
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          `,
+        ),
+      );
+
+      harness.useTarget('test', {
+        ...BASE_OPTIONS,
+        codeCoverage: true,
+      });
+
+      // If overrides are ignored the global 100% threshold will be applied to
+      // app.component.ts and the run will fail. With the fix the per-file
+      // override (0%) is used and the run succeeds.
+      await harness
+        .execute()
+        .pipe(
+          last(),
+          tap((buildEvent) => expect(buildEvent.result?.success).toBeTrue()),
+        )
+        .toPromise();
+    });
+  });
+});