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3 changes: 1 addition & 2 deletions CHANGES.md
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* Support for X source added (Java/Python) ([#X](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/X)).

## New Features / Improvements

* Added support for large pipeline options via a file (Python) ([#37370](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/37370)).
* Added plugin mechanism to support different Lineage implementations (Java) ([#36790](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/36790)).

## Breaking Changes

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* X behavior is deprecated and will be removed in X versions ([#X](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/X)).

## Bugfixes

* Fixed X (Java/Python) ([#X](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/X)).

## Known Issues
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Expand Up @@ -578,6 +578,7 @@ public static void setDefaultPipelineOptions(PipelineOptions options) {

// entry to set other PipelineOption determined flags
Metrics.setDefaultPipelineOptions(options);
Lineage.setDefaultPipelineOptions(options);

while (true) {
KV<Long, Integer> revision = FILESYSTEM_REVISION.get();
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage;

import org.apache.beam.sdk.annotations.Internal;

/**
* Plugin interface for lineage implementations.
*
* <p>This is the core contract that lineage plugins must implement. Plugins should implement this
* interface and register via {@link LineageRegistrar}.
*
* <p>End users should use the {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.Lineage} facade class instead of
* implementing this interface directly.
*/
@Internal
public interface LineageBase {
/**
* Adds the given FQN as lineage.
*
* @param rollupSegments should be an iterable of strings whose concatenation is a valid <a
* href="https://cloud.google.com/data-catalog/docs/fully-qualified-names">Dataplex FQN </a>
* which is already escaped.
* <p>In particular, this means they will often have trailing delimiters.
*/
void add(Iterable<String> rollupSegments);
}
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage;

import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.Lineage;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;

/** Interface for discovering and creating lineage plugin implementations. */
public interface LineageRegistrar {

@Nullable
LineageBase fromOptions(PipelineOptions options, Lineage.LineageDirection direction);
}
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
/**
* Lineage tracking support for Apache Beam pipelines.
*
* <p>This package provides a plugin mechanism to support different lineage implementations through
* the {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage.LineageRegistrar} interface. Lineage implementations can
* be registered and discovered at runtime to track data lineage information during pipeline
* execution.
*
* <p>For lineage capabilities, see {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.Lineage}.
*/
package org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage;
128 changes: 106 additions & 22 deletions sdks/java/core/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/metrics/Lineage.java
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Expand Up @@ -17,51 +17,136 @@
*/
package org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics;

import static org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ServiceLoader;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.annotations.Internal;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage.LineageBase;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage.LineageRegistrar;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.Metrics.MetricsFlag;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptionsFactory;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.common.ReflectHelpers;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.KV;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.base.Splitter;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
* Standard collection of metrics used to record source and sinks information for lineage tracking.
*/
public class Lineage {

public final class Lineage {
public static final String LINEAGE_NAMESPACE = "lineage";
private static final Lineage SOURCES = new Lineage(Type.SOURCE);
private static final Lineage SINKS = new Lineage(Type.SINK);
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Lineage.class);
private static final AtomicReference<Lineage> SOURCES = new AtomicReference<>();
private static final AtomicReference<Lineage> SINKS = new AtomicReference<>();

private static final AtomicReference<KV<Long, Integer>> LINEAGE_REVISION =
new AtomicReference<>();

// Reserved characters are backtick, colon, whitespace (space, \t, \n) and dot.
private static final Pattern RESERVED_CHARS = Pattern.compile("[:\\s.`]");

private final Metric metric;
private final LineageBase delegate;
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FYI
We are using Lineage as a facade around LineageBase, so we don't expose the latter and we avoid any (breaking) changes in other parts of Beam


private Lineage(Type type) {
if (MetricsFlag.lineageRollupEnabled()) {
this.metric =
Metrics.boundedTrie(
LINEAGE_NAMESPACE,
type == Type.SOURCE ? Type.SOURCEV2.toString() : Type.SINKV2.toString());
} else {
this.metric = Metrics.stringSet(LINEAGE_NAMESPACE, type.toString());
public enum LineageDirection {
SOURCE,
SINK
}

private Lineage(LineageBase delegate) {
this.delegate = checkNotNull(delegate, "delegate cannot be null");
}

@Internal
public static void setDefaultPipelineOptions(PipelineOptions options) {
checkNotNull(options, "options cannot be null");
long optionsId = options.getOptionsId();
int nextRevision = options.revision();

while (true) {
KV<Long, Integer> currentRevision = LINEAGE_REVISION.get();

if (currentRevision != null
&& currentRevision.getKey().equals(optionsId)
&& currentRevision.getValue() >= nextRevision) {
LOG.debug(
"Lineage already initialized with options ID {} revision {}, skipping",
optionsId,
currentRevision.getValue());
return;
}

if (LINEAGE_REVISION.compareAndSet(currentRevision, KV.of(optionsId, nextRevision))) {
Lineage sources = createLineage(options, LineageDirection.SOURCE);
Lineage sinks = createLineage(options, LineageDirection.SINK);

SOURCES.set(sources);
SINKS.set(sinks);

if (currentRevision == null) {
LOG.info("Lineage initialized with options ID {} revision {}", optionsId, nextRevision);
} else {
LOG.info(
"Lineage re-initialized from options ID {} to {} (revision {} -> {})",
currentRevision.getKey(),
optionsId,
currentRevision.getValue(),
nextRevision);
}
return;
}
}
}

private static Lineage createLineage(PipelineOptions options, LineageDirection direction) {
Set<LineageRegistrar> registrars =
Sets.newTreeSet(ReflectHelpers.ObjectsClassComparator.INSTANCE);
registrars.addAll(
Lists.newArrayList(
ServiceLoader.load(LineageRegistrar.class, ReflectHelpers.findClassLoader())));

for (LineageRegistrar registrar : registrars) {
LineageBase reporter = registrar.fromOptions(options, direction);
if (reporter != null) {
LOG.info("Using {} for lineage direction {}", reporter.getClass().getName(), direction);
return new Lineage(reporter);
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If multiple registrars in classpath, the activated one is the alphabetically smallest one (for Tree Set). This could be confusing. Consider using a pipeline option to select a Lineage implementation.

}
}

LOG.debug("Using default Metrics-based lineage for direction {}", direction);
return new Lineage(new MetricsLineage(direction));
}

/** {@link Lineage} representing sources and optionally side inputs. */
public static Lineage getSources() {
return SOURCES;
Lineage sources = SOURCES.get();
if (sources == null) {
setDefaultPipelineOptions(PipelineOptionsFactory.create());
sources = SOURCES.get();
}
return sources;
}

/** {@link Lineage} representing sinks. */
public static Lineage getSinks() {
return SINKS;
Lineage sinks = SINKS.get();
if (sinks == null) {
setDefaultPipelineOptions(PipelineOptionsFactory.create());
sinks = SINKS.get();
}
return sinks;
}

@VisibleForTesting
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -140,12 +225,7 @@ public void add(String system, Iterable<String> segments) {
* <p>In particular, this means they will often have trailing delimiters.
*/
public void add(Iterable<String> rollupSegments) {
ImmutableList<String> segments = ImmutableList.copyOf(rollupSegments);
if (MetricsFlag.lineageRollupEnabled()) {
((BoundedTrie) this.metric).add(segments);
} else {
((StringSet) this.metric).add(String.join("", segments));
}
delegate.add(rollupSegments);
}

/**
Expand All @@ -156,6 +236,8 @@ public void add(Iterable<String> rollupSegments) {
* @param truncatedMarker the marker to use to represent truncated FQNs.
* @return A flat representation of all FQNs. If the FQN was truncated then it has a trailing
* truncatedMarker.
* <p>NOTE: When using a custom Lineage plugin, this method will return empty results since
* lineage is not stored in Metrics.
*/
public static Set<String> query(MetricResults results, Type type, String truncatedMarker) {
MetricQueryResults lineageQueryResults = getLineageQueryResults(results, type);
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -184,6 +266,8 @@ public static Set<String> query(MetricResults results, Type type, String truncat
* @param results FQNs from the result
* @param type sources or sinks
* @return A flat representation of all FQNs. If the FQN was truncated then it has a trailing '*'.
* <p>NOTE: When using a custom Lineage plugin, this method will return empty results since
* lineage is not stored in Metrics.
*/
public static Set<String> query(MetricResults results, Type type) {
if (MetricsFlag.lineageRollupEnabled()) {
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics;

import org.apache.beam.sdk.lineage.LineageBase;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.metrics.Metrics.MetricsFlag;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;

/**
* Default lineage implementation that stores lineage information in Beam metrics.
*
* <p>This implementation uses either {@link BoundedTrie} or {@link StringSet} metrics depending on
* the {@link MetricsFlag#lineageRollupEnabled()} flag.
*/
public class MetricsLineage implements LineageBase {

private final Metric metric;

public MetricsLineage(final Lineage.LineageDirection direction) {
// Derive Metrics-specific Type from LineageDirection
Lineage.Type type =
(direction == Lineage.LineageDirection.SOURCE) ? Lineage.Type.SOURCE : Lineage.Type.SINK;

if (MetricsFlag.lineageRollupEnabled()) {
this.metric =
Metrics.boundedTrie(
Lineage.LINEAGE_NAMESPACE,
direction == Lineage.LineageDirection.SOURCE
? Lineage.Type.SOURCEV2.toString()
: Lineage.Type.SINKV2.toString());
} else {
this.metric = Metrics.stringSet(Lineage.LINEAGE_NAMESPACE, type.toString());
}
}
Comment on lines +34 to +49
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medium

The constructor logic can be simplified for better readability. The type variable is only used in the else block but is calculated unconditionally, and the if block re-evaluates direction. A clearer approach is to determine the metric type within each branch of the if statement.

  public MetricsLineage(Lineage.LineageDirection direction) {
    if (MetricsFlag.lineageRollupEnabled()) {
      Lineage.Type metricType =
          (direction == Lineage.LineageDirection.SOURCE)
              ? Lineage.Type.SOURCEV2
              : Lineage.Type.SINKV2;
      this.metric = Metrics.boundedTrie(Lineage.LINEAGE_NAMESPACE, metricType.toString());
    } else {
      Lineage.Type metricType =
          (direction == Lineage.LineageDirection.SOURCE) ? Lineage.Type.SOURCE : Lineage.Type.SINK;
      this.metric = Metrics.stringSet(Lineage.LINEAGE_NAMESPACE, metricType.toString());
    }
  }


@Override
public void add(final Iterable<String> rollupSegments) {
ImmutableList<String> segments = ImmutableList.copyOf(rollupSegments);
if (MetricsFlag.lineageRollupEnabled()) {
((BoundedTrie) this.metric).add(segments);
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There was an assumption (and coupling) between lineageRollupEnabled<->BoundedTrie. With common interface we can now avoid unchecked cast by implementing CounterMetricsLineage and TrieMetricsLineage separately.

} else {
((StringSet) this.metric).add(String.join("", segments));
}
}
}
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