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Add experimental idempotent start hooks#2684

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Add experimental idempotent start hooks#2684
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codex/idempotent-start-hooks

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@NathanColosimo

@NathanColosimo NathanColosimo commented Jun 27, 2026

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Refs #2376 (gaps 1 and 2). Adds experimental start-hook idempotency for opt-in worlds; local and Postgres support are enabled, Vercel world remains capability-gated pending recoverable backend admission plus queue enqueue. Paired server PR: https://github.com/vercel/workflow-server/pull/561.

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f7cede7

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 20 packages
Name Type
@workflow/core Minor
@workflow/world Minor
@workflow/world-local Minor
@workflow/world-postgres Minor
@workflow/world-vercel Patch
@workflow/builders Patch
@workflow/cli Patch
@workflow/next Patch
@workflow/nitro Patch
@workflow/vitest Patch
@workflow/web-shared Patch
@workflow/web Patch
workflow Minor
@workflow/world-testing Patch
@workflow/astro Patch
@workflow/nest Patch
@workflow/rollup Patch
@workflow/sveltekit Patch
@workflow/vite Patch
@workflow/nuxt Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

Passed Failed Skipped Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production 1442 0 241 1683
✅ 💻 Local Development 1617 0 219 1836
✅ 📦 Local Production 1617 0 219 1836
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres 1605 0 231 1836
✅ 🪟 Windows 153 0 0 153
✅ 📋 Other 891 0 180 1071
Total 7325 0 1090 8415

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro 125 0 28
✅ example 125 0 28
✅ express 125 0 28
✅ fastify 125 0 28
✅ hono 125 0 28
✅ nextjs-turbopack 149 0 4
✅ nextjs-webpack 149 0 4
✅ nitro 125 0 28
✅ nuxt 125 0 28
✅ sveltekit 144 0 9
✅ vite 125 0 28
✅ 💻 Local Development
App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro-stable 128 0 25
✅ express-stable 128 0 25
✅ fastify-stable 128 0 25
✅ hono-stable 128 0 25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary 134 0 19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable 153 0 0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary 134 0 19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable 153 0 0
✅ nitro-stable 128 0 25
✅ nuxt-stable 128 0 25
✅ sveltekit-stable 147 0 6
✅ vite-stable 128 0 25
✅ 📦 Local Production
App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro-stable 128 0 25
✅ express-stable 128 0 25
✅ fastify-stable 128 0 25
✅ hono-stable 128 0 25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary 134 0 19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable 153 0 0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary 134 0 19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable 153 0 0
✅ nitro-stable 128 0 25
✅ nuxt-stable 128 0 25
✅ sveltekit-stable 147 0 6
✅ vite-stable 128 0 25
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro-stable 127 0 26
✅ express-stable 127 0 26
✅ fastify-stable 127 0 26
✅ hono-stable 127 0 26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary 133 0 20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable 152 0 1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary 133 0 20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable 152 0 1
✅ nitro-stable 127 0 26
✅ nuxt-stable 127 0 26
✅ sveltekit-stable 146 0 7
✅ vite-stable 127 0 26
✅ 🪟 Windows
App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack 153 0 0
✅ 📋 Other
App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable 128 0 25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start- 128 0 25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable 127 0 26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start- 127 0 26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable 128 0 25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start- 128 0 25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start 125 0 28

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Express 0.047s (+1.5%) 1.007s (~) 0.959s 10 1.00x
💻 Local Nitro 0.049s (+6.4% 🔺) 1.012s (+0.6%) 0.963s 10 1.02x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 0.053s (+12.1% 🔺) 1.006s (~) 0.954s 10 1.11x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 0.062s (~) 1.014s (~) 0.952s 10 1.30x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 0.066s (+10.3% 🔺) 1.014s (~) 0.948s 10 1.40x
🐘 Postgres Express 0.071s (+9.2% 🔺) 1.012s (~) 0.941s 10 1.50x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 0.208s (-11.0% 🟢) 1.703s (-17.5% 🟢) 1.495s 10 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 0.217s (+4.2%) 1.820s (+16.3% 🔺) 1.602s 10 1.04x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 0.719s (+178.4% 🔺) 2.625s (+28.6% 🔺) 1.907s 10 3.45x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 1.069s (-1.4%) 2.006s (~) 0.937s 10 1.00x
💻 Local Express 1.084s (+0.6%) 2.007s (~) 0.923s 10 1.01x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.087s (~) 2.007s (~) 0.920s 10 1.02x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 1.095s (~) 2.010s (~) 0.915s 10 1.02x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.101s (~) 2.010s (~) 0.909s 10 1.03x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.101s (+0.8%) 2.010s (~) 0.909s 10 1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 1.512s (+8.9% 🔺) 3.450s (+15.4% 🔺) 1.938s 10 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 1.627s (+18.0% 🔺) 3.632s (+21.3% 🔺) 2.006s 10 1.08x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 2.227s (-1.8%) 3.974s (+16.8% 🔺) 1.747s 10 1.47x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 10.373s (-0.8%) 11.021s (~) 0.648s 3 1.00x
💻 Local Express 10.459s (~) 11.022s (~) 0.563s 3 1.01x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 10.484s (~) 11.021s (~) 0.537s 3 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 10.485s (~) 11.019s (~) 0.534s 3 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 10.525s (~) 11.022s (~) 0.497s 3 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Express 10.544s (+0.6%) 11.016s (~) 0.472s 3 1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 12.555s (+8.3% 🔺) 14.466s (+14.8% 🔺) 1.910s 3 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 12.686s (+8.4% 🔺) 14.840s (+8.9% 🔺) 2.155s 3 1.01x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 12.712s (~) 14.412s (+2.7%) 1.700s 3 1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 13.440s (-1.4%) 14.026s (~) 0.586s 5 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 13.603s (-0.8%) 14.022s (~) 0.419s 5 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 13.615s (+0.5%) 14.017s (~) 0.402s 5 1.01x
💻 Local Express 13.658s (~) 14.027s (~) 0.369s 5 1.02x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 13.767s (+0.9%) 14.027s (~) 0.260s 5 1.02x
🐘 Postgres Express 13.831s (+1.7%) 14.019s (~) 0.188s 5 1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 17.628s (+9.4% 🔺) 19.740s (+14.6% 🔺) 2.112s 4 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 17.932s (+7.7% 🔺) 20.200s (+7.7% 🔺) 2.268s 3 1.02x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 19.555s (+10.6% 🔺) 21.347s (+11.2% 🔺) 1.792s 3 1.11x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 11.776s (-3.0%) 12.022s (-7.7% 🟢) 0.245s 8 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 12.219s (-1.2%) 13.020s (~) 0.801s 7 1.04x
🐘 Postgres Express 12.276s (+1.1%) 13.017s (~) 0.741s 7 1.04x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 12.281s (~) 13.027s (~) 0.747s 7 1.04x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 12.289s (~) 13.018s (~) 0.729s 7 1.04x
💻 Local Express 12.405s (+0.6%) 13.026s (~) 0.621s 7 1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 20.378s (+17.7% 🔺) 23.591s (+22.6% 🔺) 3.213s 4 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 20.855s (+21.5% 🔺) 22.976s (+25.7% 🔺) 2.120s 4 1.02x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 23.148s (+18.0% 🔺) 25.042s (+18.7% 🔺) 1.894s 4 1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 1.177s (~) 2.008s (~) 0.831s 15 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.185s (-2.2%) 2.008s (~) 0.823s 15 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.198s (+1.9%) 2.008s (~) 0.810s 15 1.02x
💻 Local Nitro 1.358s (-6.6% 🟢) 2.006s (~) 0.648s 15 1.15x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.423s (-3.2%) 2.006s (~) 0.584s 15 1.21x
💻 Local Express 1.430s (-9.7% 🟢) 2.007s (-3.2%) 0.577s 15 1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 2.328s (+8.1% 🔺) 4.060s (+5.1% 🔺) 1.732s 8 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 2.589s (+30.4% 🔺) 4.405s (+36.4% 🔺) 1.816s 7 1.11x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 3.358s (+6.0% 🔺) 4.815s (+6.4% 🔺) 1.457s 7 1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Next.js (Turbopack) 1.311s (+1.1%) 3.009s (~) 1.698s 10 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 1.336s (+0.6%) 2.508s (+8.2% 🔺) 1.172s 12 1.02x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.364s (+2.3%) 2.509s (+4.9%) 1.145s 12 1.04x
💻 Local Express 2.501s (~) 2.918s (-3.0%) 0.417s 11 1.91x
💻 Local Nitro 2.623s (+6.9% 🔺) 3.008s (+6.4% 🔺) 0.386s 10 2.00x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 2.795s (+8.8% 🔺) 3.209s (+3.2%) 0.414s 10 2.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 2.760s (+7.9% 🔺) 4.456s (+15.7% 🔺) 1.696s 7 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 2.835s (+11.5% 🔺) 4.838s (+20.4% 🔺) 2.003s 7 1.03x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 4.676s (+34.8% 🔺) 6.392s (+33.8% 🔺) 1.716s 5 1.69x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 1.603s (-3.9%) 4.136s (~) 2.534s 8 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.613s (~) 4.012s (~) 2.399s 8 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 2.911s (-8.3% 🟢) 5.847s (-5.9% 🟢) 2.936s 6 1.82x
💻 Local Nitro 4.656s (-25.7% 🟢) 5.347s (-25.9% 🟢) 0.691s 6 2.91x
💻 Local Express 6.095s (+14.1% 🔺) 6.817s (+16.6% 🔺) 0.722s 5 3.80x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 7.155s (+22.6% 🔺) 8.517s (+13.3% 🔺) 1.362s 4 4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 3.388s (+23.0% 🔺) 5.330s (+27.3% 🔺) 1.942s 6 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 4.076s (+42.7% 🔺) 6.276s (+48.5% 🔺) 2.200s 5 1.20x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 4.838s (+25.4% 🔺) 6.682s (+22.6% 🔺) 1.844s 5 1.43x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 1.178s (-0.5%) 2.007s (~) 0.829s 15 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.194s (-2.2%) 2.007s (~) 0.813s 15 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.197s (+1.6%) 2.007s (~) 0.810s 15 1.02x
💻 Local Nitro 1.361s (-5.4% 🟢) 2.006s (~) 0.645s 15 1.16x
💻 Local Express 1.444s (+4.0%) 2.007s (~) 0.563s 15 1.23x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.487s (+6.9% 🔺) 2.007s (~) 0.521s 15 1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 2.314s (+18.7% 🔺) 4.117s (+27.7% 🔺) 1.802s 8 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 2.506s (+33.4% 🔺) 4.248s (+15.0% 🔺) 1.742s 8 1.08x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 3.736s (+21.9% 🔺) 5.372s (+14.2% 🔺) 1.636s 6 1.61x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Next.js (Turbopack) 1.317s (~) 3.008s (~) 1.690s 10 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.325s (+2.7%) 2.919s (+16.4% 🔺) 1.594s 11 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 1.352s (+3.8%) 2.510s (~) 1.158s 12 1.03x
💻 Local Express 2.439s (~) 3.008s (-3.2%) 0.570s 10 1.85x
💻 Local Nitro 2.516s (+5.1% 🔺) 3.008s (~) 0.491s 10 1.91x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 2.713s (+12.3% 🔺) 3.209s (+13.5% 🔺) 0.496s 10 2.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 2.736s (+22.8% 🔺) 4.596s (+24.4% 🔺) 1.860s 7 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 2.924s (+31.1% 🔺) 4.782s (+49.2% 🔺) 1.858s 7 1.07x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 4.397s (+35.5% 🔺) 6.265s (+38.1% 🔺) 1.868s 5 1.61x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Express 1.598s (~) 4.017s (-5.7% 🟢) 2.419s 8 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 1.611s (-3.4%) 4.011s (-9.8% 🟢) 2.399s 8 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 3.052s (+1.8%) 6.019s (-16.6% 🟢) 2.968s 5 1.91x
💻 Local Nitro 5.471s (-25.8% 🟢) 6.013s (-25.0% 🟢) 0.542s 6 3.42x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 6.826s (+48.6% 🔺) 7.416s (+38.7% 🔺) 0.590s 5 4.27x
💻 Local Express 6.841s (+6.9% 🔺) 7.515s (+7.1% 🔺) 0.674s 4 4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 3.039s (+16.0% 🔺) 5.118s (+16.5% 🔺) 2.079s 6 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 3.297s (+3.5%) 4.915s (+3.0%) 1.618s 7 1.09x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 4.587s (+14.6% 🔺) 6.049s (+9.8% 🔺) 1.462s 5 1.51x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 0.507s (-11.4% 🟢) 1.004s (~) 0.497s 60 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 0.536s (-0.7%) 1.023s (~) 0.488s 59 1.06x
🐘 Postgres Express 0.546s (~) 1.007s (~) 0.461s 60 1.08x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 0.565s (-6.0% 🟢) 1.006s (~) 0.442s 60 1.12x
💻 Local Express 0.581s (-3.6%) 1.006s (~) 0.425s 60 1.15x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 0.627s (+7.1% 🔺) 1.005s (~) 0.379s 60 1.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 3.024s (+24.0% 🔺) 5.015s (+40.6% 🔺) 1.992s 12 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 3.193s (+28.2% 🔺) 4.899s (+21.1% 🔺) 1.706s 13 1.06x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 4.290s (+18.7% 🔺) 5.666s (+12.9% 🔺) 1.376s 11 1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 1.254s (-1.8%) 2.007s (~) 0.753s 45 1.00x
💻 Local Nitro 1.268s (-15.1% 🟢) 2.006s (-2.2%) 0.737s 45 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.317s (-2.5%) 2.007s (~) 0.690s 45 1.05x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.326s (+4.4%) 2.031s (+1.2%) 0.706s 45 1.06x
💻 Local Express 1.522s (-3.5%) 2.006s (-1.1%) 0.484s 45 1.21x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.575s (+3.6%) 2.006s (~) 0.432s 45 1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 7.253s (+23.9% 🔺) 9.055s (+19.9% 🔺) 1.801s 11 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 7.458s (+29.9% 🔺) 9.395s (+35.6% 🔺) 1.936s 10 1.03x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 10.200s (+24.0% 🔺) 11.680s (+24.1% 🔺) 1.480s 8 1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 2.456s (-2.9%) 3.058s (~) 0.602s 40 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 2.679s (-7.1% 🟢) 3.112s (-3.4%) 0.433s 39 1.09x
🐘 Postgres Express 2.738s (+6.4% 🔺) 3.137s (+2.6%) 0.399s 39 1.11x
💻 Local Nitro 2.785s (-11.0% 🟢) 3.083s (-20.0% 🟢) 0.297s 40 1.13x
💻 Local Express 3.232s (-4.1%) 4.009s (~) 0.777s 30 1.32x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 3.510s (+8.1% 🔺) 4.044s (+0.9%) 0.534s 30 1.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 14.098s (+19.6% 🔺) 16.121s (+16.9% 🔺) 2.023s 8 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 16.189s (+36.8% 🔺) 18.511s (+39.6% 🔺) 2.323s 7 1.15x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 19.888s (+20.5% 🔺) 21.753s (+20.2% 🔺) 1.865s 6 1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Next.js (Turbopack) 0.194s (-11.8% 🟢) 1.006s (~) 0.813s 60 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Express 0.213s (-0.8%) 1.006s (~) 0.793s 60 1.10x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 0.266s (+27.6% 🔺) 1.041s (+3.4%) 0.775s 58 1.37x
💻 Local Express 0.431s (-16.1% 🟢) 1.005s (~) 0.573s 60 2.22x
💻 Local Nitro 0.474s (+8.0% 🔺) 1.005s (~) 0.530s 60 2.45x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 0.669s (+9.5% 🔺) 1.005s (-1.6%) 0.336s 60 3.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 1.271s (+20.1% 🔺) 2.937s (+10.3% 🔺) 1.666s 21 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 1.330s (+33.4% 🔺) 3.050s (+39.9% 🔺) 1.720s 20 1.05x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 2.627s (+32.3% 🔺) 4.223s (+27.8% 🔺) 1.596s 15 2.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Next.js (Turbopack) 0.296s (-5.9% 🟢) 1.018s (+1.1%) 0.721s 89 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 0.323s (-2.2%) 1.006s (-1.1%) 0.683s 90 1.09x
🐘 Postgres Express 0.333s (-3.8%) 1.018s (~) 0.684s 89 1.12x
💻 Local Nitro 1.985s (-7.2% 🟢) 2.509s (-5.9% 🟢) 0.524s 36 6.70x
💻 Local Express 2.183s (-2.3%) 2.738s (-6.0% 🟢) 0.555s 33 7.36x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 3.023s (+16.2% 🔺) 3.885s (+23.5% 🔺) 0.863s 24 10.20x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 1.788s (+37.9% 🔺) 3.796s (+51.3% 🔺) 2.008s 24 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 1.907s (+36.1% 🔺) 3.906s (+35.6% 🔺) 1.999s 24 1.07x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 3.528s (+34.0% 🔺) 5.139s (+22.6% 🔺) 1.611s 18 1.97x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Next.js (Turbopack) 0.521s (-7.5% 🟢) 3.060s (-2.5%) 2.539s 40 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 0.544s (+4.3%) 1.107s (+3.7%) 0.563s 109 1.04x
🐘 Postgres Express 0.551s (+10.5% 🔺) 1.078s (+6.3% 🔺) 0.527s 112 1.06x
💻 Local Nitro 9.192s (-9.4% 🟢) 10.219s (-5.9% 🟢) 1.027s 12 17.63x
💻 Local Express 10.274s (-1.2%) 11.300s (-3.1%) 1.026s 11 19.71x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 11.768s (+17.4% 🔺) 12.730s (+15.4% 🔺) 0.962s 10 22.58x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 2.748s (+49.5% 🔺) 4.684s (+26.1% 🔺) 1.936s 26 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 2.911s (+56.7% 🔺) 4.825s (+41.2% 🔺) 1.913s 25 1.06x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 5.055s (+35.0% 🔺) 7.004s (+33.4% 🔺) 1.949s 18 1.84x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks (includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 1.134s (-2.9%) 2.004s (~) 0.008s (-30.6% 🟢) 2.015s (~) 0.880s 10 1.00x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.144s (~) 1.967s (~) 0.012s (+20.4% 🔺) 2.020s (~) 0.875s 10 1.01x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.156s (~) 1.997s (~) 0.002s (+25.0% 🔺) 2.011s (~) 0.854s 10 1.02x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 1.157s (-1.9%) 1.997s (~) 0.001s (+30.0% 🔺) 2.011s (~) 0.854s 10 1.02x
💻 Local Express 1.162s (-0.9%) 2.005s (~) 0.012s (+12.1% 🔺) 2.020s (~) 0.858s 10 1.02x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.169s (-1.1%) 2.000s (~) 0.001s (-26.7% 🟢) 2.010s (~) 0.841s 10 1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 2.144s (+14.7% 🔺) 3.390s (+3.0%) 2.715s (+121.7% 🔺) 6.636s (+32.3% 🔺) 4.492s 10 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 2.166s (+15.3% 🔺) 3.563s (+23.3% 🔺) 1.718s (-1.0%) 5.787s (+15.8% 🔺) 3.621s 10 1.01x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 3.967s (+19.8% 🔺) 3.917s (+9.9% 🔺) 1.751s (+27.8% 🔺) 7.166s (+13.7% 🔺) 3.198s 10 1.85x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
💻 Local 🥇 Nitro 1.492s (-4.1%) 2.009s (~) 0.011s (-14.4% 🟢) 2.024s (~) 0.532s 30 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Nitro 1.561s (-1.6%) 2.002s (~) 0.005s (~) 2.026s (~) 0.465s 30 1.05x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.573s (-1.4%) 2.004s (-1.5%) 0.005s (-1.4%) 2.025s (-1.6%) 0.453s 30 1.05x
💻 Local Express 1.574s (-0.9%) 2.010s (~) 0.013s (~) 2.026s (~) 0.453s 30 1.06x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.619s (+3.7%) 1.970s (~) 0.013s (+13.3% 🔺) 2.027s (~) 0.408s 30 1.09x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.634s (+2.8%) 2.011s (~) 0.005s (+8.1% 🔺) 2.028s (~) 0.394s 30 1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 6.040s (+11.4% 🔺) 7.635s (+7.7% 🔺) 0.283s (+52.8% 🔺) 8.435s (+9.2% 🔺) 2.395s 8 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 6.729s (+21.2% 🔺) 8.320s (+29.9% 🔺) 0.216s (-73.7% 🟢) 9.048s (+18.6% 🔺) 2.319s 7 1.11x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 10.682s (+17.5% 🔺) 11.576s (+15.7% 🔺) 0.165s (+17.6% 🔺) 12.399s (+12.7% 🔺) 1.717s 5 1.77x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 0.783s (-3.0%) 1.022s (-4.2%) 0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺) 1.044s (-3.4%) 0.261s 58 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Express 0.839s (+8.5% 🔺) 1.120s (+8.9% 🔺) 0.000s (-47.2% 🟢) 1.138s (+7.5% 🔺) 0.299s 54 1.07x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 1.045s (+2.7%) 1.363s (-6.1% 🟢) 0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺) 1.372s (-6.1% 🟢) 0.327s 44 1.34x
💻 Local Nitro 1.170s (-5.3% 🟢) 1.947s (-3.3%) 0.000s (+39.8% 🔺) 1.950s (-3.2%) 0.780s 31 1.49x
💻 Local Express 1.313s (-3.8%) 1.981s (-1.7%) 0.000s (-40.4% 🟢) 1.984s (-1.7%) 0.671s 31 1.68x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 1.436s (+7.6% 🔺) 1.977s (~) 0.000s (-13.3% 🟢) 2.017s (~) 0.581s 30 1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Nitro 3.348s (+5.3% 🔺) 4.757s (+11.6% 🔺) 0.000s (NaN%) 5.328s (+14.2% 🔺) 1.980s 12 1.00x
▲ Vercel Express 3.451s (+25.3% 🔺) 4.852s (+11.2% 🔺) 0.000s (+8.3% 🔺) 5.363s (+10.7% 🔺) 1.912s 12 1.03x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 4.981s (+5.6% 🔺) 5.812s (+6.7% 🔺) 0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺) 6.556s (+2.3%) 1.575s 10 1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres 🥇 Nitro 1.598s (-11.9% 🟢) 2.173s (-9.2% 🟢) 0.000s (-100.0% 🟢) 2.227s (-7.6% 🟢) 0.630s 28 1.00x
🐘 Postgres Express 1.793s (-2.8%) 2.394s (+0.7%) 0.000s (-100.0% 🟢) 2.410s (+0.6%) 0.617s 25 1.12x
🐘 Postgres Next.js (Turbopack) 2.576s (-15.7% 🟢) 3.212s (-10.6% 🟢) 0.000s (-100.0% 🟢) 3.223s (-10.5% 🟢) 0.648s 19 1.61x
💻 Local Nitro 3.284s (~) 3.832s (-3.3%) 0.001s (+57.1% 🔺) 3.840s (-3.2%) 0.555s 16 2.06x
💻 Local Express 3.488s (-13.9% 🟢) 4.026s (-11.2% 🟢) 0.001s (+44.2% 🔺) 4.031s (-11.1% 🟢) 0.543s 15 2.18x
💻 Local Next.js (Turbopack) 3.670s (-2.7%) 4.185s (-1.8%) 0.001s (+120.0% 🔺) 4.240s (-1.4%) 0.571s 15 2.30x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World Framework Workflow Time TTFB Slurp Wall Time Overhead Samples vs Fastest
▲ Vercel 🥇 Express 4.755s (+12.5% 🔺) 6.069s (+4.4%) 0.004s (+Infinity% 🔺) 6.597s (+5.2% 🔺) 1.842s 10 1.00x
▲ Vercel Nitro 5.107s (+24.8% 🔺) 6.623s (+28.5% 🔺) 0.000s (+22.2% 🔺) 7.138s (+28.7% 🔺) 2.031s 9 1.07x
▲ Vercel Next.js (Turbopack) 7.447s (+11.6% 🔺) 8.345s (+16.4% 🔺) 0.006s (+4700.0% 🔺) 9.304s (+14.7% 🔺) 1.857s 7 1.57x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World 🥇 Fastest Framework Wins
💻 Local Nitro 17/21
🐘 Postgres Nitro 11/21
▲ Vercel Express 11/21
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework 🥇 Fastest World Wins
Express 🐘 Postgres 17/21
Next.js (Turbopack) 🐘 Postgres 15/21
Nitro 🐘 Postgres 13/21
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

@NathanColosimo NathanColosimo force-pushed the codex/idempotent-start-hooks branch from 0c1320a to de1af62 Compare June 27, 2026 19:33
@vercel vercel Bot temporarily deployed to Preview – workflow-docs June 27, 2026 19:45 Inactive
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